CPU
The CPU is the brain of the computer. It interprets instructions and performs calculations that allow software to run. It’s considered the most important component because it processes all the logic your programs need.
Key points
- Executes instructions
- Performs arithmetic and logical operations
- Coordinates other hardware components
RAM
RAM is the computer’s short-term memory. It stores data and instructions that the CPU needs right now for fast access. RAM is volatile, meaning its contents disappear when the computer shuts down.
Key points
- Temporary, fast-access memory
- Holds active data and running programs
- Much faster than SSD or HDD
- Loses data when power is of
SSD
An SSD is the computer’s long-term storage. It stores your operating system, applications, and files. Unlike RAM, SSDs are non-volatile, so data remains even when the system is powered off. SSDs have no moving parts and are significantly faster and more reliable than traditional hard drives.
Key points
- Permanent storage
- Uses flash memory
- Much faster than HDD
- Stores OS, apps, and personal file
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Summary Table
| Component | Type | Purpose | Volatile | Speed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CPU | Processor | Executes instructions | -- | Fastest |
| RAM | Memory | Temporary workspace for active data | Yes | Very fast |
| SSD | Storage | Long-term data storage | No | Fast (slower than RAM, faster than HDD) |